Heart disease is a broad term used to describe a group of conditions that affect the heart. The various diseases that fall under the umbrella of heart disease include: • Cardiovascular diseases • Irregular heartbeats • Congenital heart defects • Cardiomyopathy • Cardiac diseases caused by inflammation of the heart's linings • Heart valve diseases

Irregular heartbeats can be dangerous in some cases, depending on the type of arrhythmia, its cause, and the individual's overall heart health. Some types of arrhythmias can be serious and indicate major heart problems, such as atrial fibrillation. Unbeated irregular heartbeats can lead to other long-term health problems if not treated properly. For example, atrial fibrillation can increase the risk of stroke, as blood clots can form in the irregularly contracting atria, increasing the likelihood of a stroke. It is important to consult a doctor if any arrhythmias are present, especially if the symptoms are severe or accompanied by other symptoms such as dizziness or shortness of breath. The doctor can provide the necessary evaluation and develop an appropriate treatment plan for the individual's case. Common symptoms of heart rhythm disorders may include: • Palpitations • Dizziness or fainting • Shortness of breath • Chest pain • Fatigue

Cardiac catheterization is a common procedure used to diagnose or treat a variety of heart problems. For example, a doctor may recommend cardiac catheterization in the following cases: • Irregular heartbeats, also known as arrhythmias • Chest pain, called angina • Heart valve problems • Other heart problems You may need cardiac catheterization if you have: • Coronary artery disease • Congenital heart disease • Heart failure • Heart valve disease • Damage to the walls and inner lining of the small blood vessels in the heart, called small vessel disease or microvascular coronary disease